10 Recent Studies Affirm It Was Regionally 2-6°C Warmer Than Today During The Last Glacial

From 80,000 to 12,000 years ago, when CO2 concentrations lingered near or below 200 ppm, many new or recent studies suggest that when directly comparing region to region, it was as much as 6°C warmer than today even during this ice age period. This has prompted some scientists to “exclude atmospheric pCO2 as a direct driver of SST [sea surface temperature] variations”.

Here is a short list of some of the regions as warm or warmer than today during the last ice age.


Southern Ocean: 22,000 years ago temperatures peaked at 13.6°C (and from 35,000 to 30,000 years ago temperatures ranged from 12-13°C) versus 8.5°C today, and there were “higher SST during the 40-24 kyrs period than during the Holocene” (Civel-Mazens et al., 2021).


Southern Ocean: 20,000 years ago and 85,000 to 70,000 years ago indicate “SST estimates of ~4°C which are ~2°C higher than the modern regional SST of ~2°C” (Ghadi et al., 2020).


South Atlantic: 70,000 to 35,000 years ago it was 1-5°C warmer than today, “prompting us to exclude atmospheric pCO2 as a direct driver of SST variations in the southern WTA [Western Tropical Atlantic]”  (Hou et al., 2020).


Southern Africa: 26,000 to 19,000 years ago (180 ppm CO2) summer temperatures were “3-4°C higher than present” (Kraaij et al., 2020).


South Atlantic: 70,000 to 50,000 years ago as warm or warmer than today (Dauner et al., 2019).


Europe: 80,000 to 70,000 years ago it was 2-3°C warmer, as “both summer (ca. 19°C) and winter (2-4°C) temperatures above present day values (ca. 16°C and ca. 1°C for July and January, respectively)” (Ilyashuk et al., 2020).


North Atlantic: 28,000 to 23,000 years ago (Tobago Basin) and 20,000 to 12,000 years ago (Bonaire Basin) SSTs were respectively 2.5 to 6°C “warmer than modern conditions” (ReiBig et al., 2019).


North Pacific: ~35,000 to 18,000 years ago temperatures ranged between 10 and 16°C versus 9.1°C today (Max et al., 2020).


California: 31,000 to 24,000 years ago temperatures reached 22-23°C versus 18°C today (Feakins et al., 2019).


Russia: 60,000 to 54,000 years ago and it was “about 3°C warmer than today” and 31,000 years ago temperatures were “5.9?” degrees C warmer than today (Ganyushkin et al., 2018).




11 responses to “10 Recent Studies Affirm It Was Regionally 2-6°C Warmer Than Today During The Last Glacial”

  1. 10 Recent Studies Affirm It Was Regionally 2-6°C Warmer Than Today During The Last Glacial | AGW is fake | Cold is The New Hot
  2. John L. Kelly

    “Here is a short list of some of the regions as warm or warmer than today during the last ice age.”

    Kenneth, you ought to be ashamed of yourself here. You are supposed to be a learned scientific person. The truth is that this planet has been in the same Ice Age for the last 2.58mys. Its called the “Pleistocene”.
    What you are referring to are “Glaciation phases” within this ice age. And there is a distinct difference. This 2.58my ice age is the BOOK, and each 111,000 glaciation is a CHAPTER in that book. If you somehow didn’t learn this, then you need to do more research and learning.

    1. tom0mason

      The bottom line is that during warm periods the weather/climate is less variable and more predicable. During cooler periods the weather/climate is far more variable and far less predictable. Evidence shows that it is very, very unlikely that CO2 controls this, it’s far more probable that the sun does.

      1. The Indomitable Snowman, Ph.D.

        The reason for that is because warmer corresponds (see below) to wetter, while colder corresponds to drier; the temperature-response behavior of air is controlled by the amount of water vapor it contains – that is, the temperature-response behavior of atmospheric air is *not* controlled by the specific heat (heat capacity) of the atmospheric gases (basically nitrogen and oxygen), but by the specific heat of water; the specific heat of water is very high, and so the temperature of moist air – as a function of energy input – changes much less than does the temperature of dry air (for an input of the same amount of energy).

        Water vapor thus has a stabilizing effect on the weather/climate.

        The warm/cold and moist/dry correlations also seem to be interpreted in a backwards fashion – much like the notion that got pushed that CO2 concentration leads temperature, when it’s actually the other way around (and it’s high school science as to why). Drying leads to colder weather/climate, while moistening leads to warmer weather/climate – largely because in order to make air very cold, you first have to make it very dry. (You can’t, to first order, make air colder than its dewpoint.)

    2. David A

      While that may be true, it is clear what is being communicated. So the focus should perhaps be that these ocean T are quite amazing, as some occurred during the glaciation phase, when the polar seas were cold, and NH continents under thick ice, and poleward Arctic and Antarctic atmosphere plus, was cold. So what was happening?

      Do the oceans release most of their warmth in the polar regions?

      Did thick poleward sea ice prevent that release? ( Counterintuitively insulating in the ocean warmth, and aiding in keeping the poleward atmosphere cool.)

      Did a strong thermohaline keep the warm waters below the sea ice and below the colder less saline waters just beneath the sea ice?

      Did periodic dry periods during the glaciation allow increased solar insolation into the oceans?

      Did this warmed water flow into the polar regions creating warmed polar waters, perhaps highly saline, about 45 to 46 degrees, as compared to about 39 degrees now, not able to ventilate their warmth under the expanded sea ice, flow back into the ocean basins, slowly warming the ocean depths, just above the current and vast 4C degree area, reducing that area thickness, slowly warming the oceans from the bottom up?

      Did that water, warming from the bottom up, slowly work its way up to solar insolation zones, and warm even further, causing the warmer ocean surface waters?

      Sheer speculation, but warmer oceans in periods of extensive glaciation invite speculation.

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  4. DM

    Because watermelons cannot cry “cherry picking” to discredit Mr. Richard’s point, Mr. Kelly resorts to nitpicking.

    Cherry picking fails because the study areas Mr. Richard cites span the globe and the time frames are long.

    So, Mr. Kelly resorts to nitpicking phrasing rather than critiquing the main point. Mr. Kelly, NTZ readers are smart enough to spot nitpicking watermelons and wise enough to focus on substance (such as that Mr. Richard cites).

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