European winter temperature variability is “dominated” by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which is, in turn, modulated by solar activity.
Even proponents of anthropogenic global warming (AGW) agree natural processes (AMO, NAO, ENSO, solar forcing, volcanism) drive temperature variability. But they insist the rising temperature trend is human-caused.
So if we don’t have a regional upward trend, is the non-warming natural or anthropogenic?
Lüdecke et al., 2020 find temperatures across Europe have been oscillating, not rising in linear fashion, for the last century. The timings of the temperature undulations correspond quite closely to natural ocean cycles (the NAO and AMO). The authors detail a non-linear and indirect solar activity impact on these ocean cycles, and ultimately to the European climate.
Now we only need to demonstrate that solar activity is produced by anthropogenic CO2 🙂
Fig.5
What happened during the 1940,s
I think there was a little fight somewhere 😉
Worth reading;
https://1ocean-1climate.com/data-from-1880-to-1970-are-misrepresented-interpreted-or-simply-falsified/
For example: Kenneth Richard, 25th July 2019, has taken on, at NOTRICKZONE, to clarify a few facts. The whole title is: “1970s: Earth Warmed 0.6°C From 1880-1940 And Cooled -0.3°C From 1940-1970. Now It’s 0.1°C And -0.05°C.“
I think this can be reflected in sea levels.
In the Med at least: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends_station.shtml?plot=50yr&id=230-051
High level of change peaked 1945 and are high today.
Not as high as 1945 thou.
According to M. Mann these variations are just noise in the global warming variation. That just shows that he knows and understands so very little about the weather and climate variations.
In our chaotic weather/climate system any small variation in a parameter could be the one that guides the weather/climate to change to a new and different regime.
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