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By Kenneth Richard on 19. January 2026
Across the globe, vermetid gastropods (shelled snails, or molluscs) are a “critical paleo-sea level indicator” for ancient coastline reconstructions (Angulo et al., 2026). Along the Brazilian coast, vermetid shell radiocarbon ages indicate the relative sea level (RSL) was “more than 2 m above present” between 6000 and 7000 years ago. (The charts shown in the […]
Posted in Paleo-climatology, Sea Levels |
By Kenneth Richard on 12. January 2026
A large portion of the Greenland ice sheet that is today over 500 m thick did not exist during the Early to Mid Holocene. Prudhoe Dome (PD), a 2500 km² section of northwestern Greenland’s ice sheet (GIS), is today 500 to 600 m thick (Walcott-George et al., 2026). Approximately 6000-8000 years ago, or when atmospheric […]
Posted in Arctic, Cryosphere, Paleo-climatology |
By Kenneth Richard on 19. December 2025
Today’s sea levels are the lowest of the last several thousand years. Carbon dating evidence from the elevation of abandoned penguin rookeries (and other proxies) reveal relative sea level (RSL) was ~30 m higher than today across East Antarctica about 8000 years ago (Small et al., 2025). Following that highstand RSL fell rapidly at rates of […]
Posted in Paleo-climatology, Sea Levels |
By Kenneth Richard on 1. December 2025
Northeastern China was at least 5°C (and up to 9°C) warmer than today and droughts (and floods) were far more extreme when CO2 levels were a “safe” 265 ppm. In a new study, scientists have determined that northeastern China’s droughts were far more frequent and intense during the Little Ice Age (LIA) than in the […]
Posted in Little Ice Age, Paleo-climatology |
By P Gosselin on 16. November 2025
New study: CO2 levels at least equivalent to today’s level of approximately 420 ppm would have been necessary 10,000 years ago. Germany’s online Report24 posted an article titled: “Why Ice Cores Lie: High CO2 Levels Characterized Early Times“. The article summarizes the study by Frans J. Schrijver titled “Historical CO2 Levels in periods of global […]
Posted in CO2 and GHG, Paleo-climatology |
By Kenneth Richard on 13. November 2025
It is widely acknowledged that the enhanced CO2 fertilization effect due to the modern rise in atmospheric CO2 is the predominant driver of the dramatic increases in global greening, or “gross primary production” (GPP). Global greening attribution estimates for CO2 fertilization range from 70% (Zhu et al., 2016) to 86% (Haverd et al., 2020). As […]
Posted in CO2 and GHG, CO2 Greens the Earth, Paleo-climatology |
By P Gosselin on 8. October 2025
Extremes hundreds of years ago…scientific analysis of historical documents about the 16th-century climate of Transylvania, Romania… reveals a pattern of intense extreme weather events, frequent and intense heat waves and droughts. The Germany-based European Institute for Climate and Energy (EIKE) presents it s latest video: “Kleine Eiszeit verursachte Wetterextreme – Klimaschau 232“ (Little Ice Age […]
Posted in Drought and Deserts, Paleo-climatology |
By Kenneth Richard on 30. September 2025
The mechanisms driving the meters-higher sea levels a few thousand years ago do not support claims that CO2 is a driver. A comprehensive analysis (Zhang et al., 2025) of the South China Sea region indicates warmer sea water was fundamentally responsible for sea levels that were, on average, 2-3 meters higher (and in some regions […]
Posted in Paleo-climatology, Sea Levels |
By Kenneth Richard on 22. September 2025
Throughout the last 10,000 years there have globally been much warmer and more extensive iceless periods than observed in the modern era. “There is reliable geological evidence that the temperature of most warming phases in the Holocene were globally higher or similar to that of the current warming period, Arctic sea ice was less extensive, […]
Posted in Paleo-climatology |
By Kenneth Richard on 5. September 2025
More evidence is unleashed undermining the CO2-drives-climate narrative. A comprehensive correlation analysis (Grabyan, 2025) utilizing the last 2000 years of temperature and CO2 data affirms CO2 changes lag temperature changes by ~150 years throughout the 1 to 1850 C.E. era. This Common Era (C.E.) lead-lag sequencing – with temperature changes leading and CO2 changes lagging […]
Posted in CO2 and GHG, Paleo-climatology |
By Kenneth Richard on 19. August 2025
New research from Indonesia indicates that from about 10,000 to 6000 years ago, when the ocean was warmer than today, coral reef growth was rapid, averaging ~6 mm per year. Sea levels rose rapidly from the Early to Mid Holocene in this region, as they were up to 2 m higher than today 6000 years […]
Posted in Coral Reefs, Paleo-climatology, Sea Levels, Warming/CO2 Benefiting Earth |
By Kenneth Richard on 14. July 2025
The narrative that says relative sea level changes are driven by variations in atmospheric CO2 concentrations has taken another hit. Before relative sea level (RSL) declined to its present position over the last millennium, Africa’s Atlantic coast RSL ranged anywhere from 0.8 to 4 meters higher than today between 5000 and 1700 years ago (Vacchi […]
Posted in Paleo-climatology, Sea Levels |
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