12 New Papers Provide Robust Evidence The Earth Was Warmer During Medieval Times

Claims that modern temperatures are globally warmer than they were during Medieval times (~800 to 1250 A.D.) have been contradicted by a flurry of new (2019) scientific papers.

Southern Ocean/SE Pacific (SSTs)

The Medieval Warm Period (1100 years BP) was 1.5°C warmer than today (14°C vs. 12.5°C) in the SE Pacific or Southern Ocean.

Collins et al., 2019

Antarctica/Southern Ocean (SSTs)

Elephant seals used to breed on the Victoria Land Coast ~1000 years ago because there was open water access back then whereas this region is locked in sea ice today. To escape the reach of modern sea ice, elephant seal breeding colonies are now located ~2,400 km further north (sub-Antarctic islands) of where they bred during Medieval times.

Koch et al., 2019

Peru coastal region (SSTs)

There has been a rapid drop (approximately -1°C to -1.5°C) in sea surface temperatures during the last 50 years near the coast of Peru. 1-2°C warmer temperatures persisted ~1,000 years ago and there were 4°C warmer temperatures during the Mid-Holocene in this region.

Salvatteci et al., 2019

Canadian Arctic (SSTs)

During the Medieval Warm Period, bowhead whales occupied Canadian Arctic waters that are today sea ice-covered and inaccessible. During the Mid-Holocene (5000 to 3000 years ago), bowhead whales swam in the open-water Canadian Arctic.

Szpak et al., 2019

Mediterranean region

No warming during 1955-2013 is apparent in the northeastern Mediterranean region. There were far more prevalent warm extremes during the Medieval Warm Period than during the last 450 years (including just one single high temperature extreme year since 1900).

Klippel et al., 2019

Greenland Ice Sheet

Greenland was at least 1°C warmer during Medieval times. The ice sheet cooled by nearly 2°C from the 1930s to 1980s.

Adamson et al., 2019 (citing Kobashi et al., 2017).

Pacific, Atlantic Ocean (heat content)

“Finally, we note that OPT-0015 indicates that ocean heat content was larger during the Medieval Warm Period than at present”

Gebbie and Huybers, 2019

Northeastern China 

Modern mean annual temperatures range between 0.0 to 0.5°C, whereas Medieval Warm Period mean annual temperatures ranged between 2-6°C and Holocene Thermal Maximum temperatures reached 10.5°C.

Liu et al., 2019

Russia (360 km NW of Moscow)

Today’s mean annual temperatures are 4.1°C. During Medieval times mean annual temperatures were about 5°C, and during the Holocene Thermal Maximum mean annual temperatures were 2°C warmer than today.

Novenko et al., 2019

Alaska (western, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta)

This region was about 1°C warmer during Medieval times and has undergone an overall cooling trend of about -0.7°C since 1800.

Sae-Lim et al., 2019

Antarctica (Whole)

Antarctica was approximately 0.5 to 1°C warmer than today during the entire 1st millennium, and the modest warming in the last century has in recent decades turned into a non-warming or cooling trend for West Antarctica, the Antarctic Peninsula, and East Antarctica.

Lüning et al. 2019

South China Sea

The South China Sea was about 0.5°C to 0.7°C warmer during Medieval times and still warmer than today during the Little Ice Age.

Lee et al., 2019

12 responses to “12 New Papers Provide Robust Evidence The Earth Was Warmer During Medieval Times”

  1. 12 New Papers Provide Robust Evidence The Earth Was Warmer During Medieval Times | Un hobby...

    […] K. Richard, July 29, 2019 in […]

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  3. tom0mason

    As Mark Twain said “The report of my death was an exaggeration.” and so it is with the Medieval Warm Period, this event occurred, it was significant and global.
    The fact that cAGW advocates wish to dismiss these scientific reports just shows how fragile their supposition about atmospheric CO2 causing global warming must be.

  4. tom0mason

    I note that the BBC at https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-49086783 reports that the MWP, Roman Warm period and the LIA were minor effect mostly in the NH affecting Europe. This is based on the BBC’s reading of more statistical chicanery by researchers.
    Paul Homeward at https://notalotofpeopleknowthat.wordpress.com/2019/07/29/new-attempts-to-erase-the-mwp-lia/#comment-140818 reports on the BBC’s use …

    As with the other failed attempts, this latest one claims that the MWP and LIA were only localised phenomena. But nothing could be further from the truth.

    These three new studies rely on proxies, but time and again hockey stick studies based on proxies are proven to be fake, based on cherry picked proxies and dodgy statistics.

    In fact, we have no need to rely on proxies, because the actual evidence of warm and cold periods is very real and substantial across the world.

    The cAGW advocates and researchers are on dodgy ground when they continually have to use hokey hockey-stick studies and Climate Models™ to back-up there claims.

  5. sasquatch

    “The coldest decade is 1811-1820 (-0.73 °C)”

    On April 5th 1815 Mt. Tambora erupted, it was a whale of a volcano, after 5000 long years of no activity, it exploded with all of its might.

    Has to be a direct correlation, caused the 1811-1820 cool down.

    Tambora

    “There are reports that several feet of ash was floating on the ocean surface in the region. Ships had to plow through it to get from place to place.”

    “The Year Without a Summer had many impacts in Europe and North America. Crops were killed – either by frost or a lack of sunshine. This caused food to be scarce, and caused farmers who were able to grow crops to fear that they would be robbed. The lack of successful crops that summer made the food which was grown more valuable, and the price of food climbed. Because the price of oats increased, it was more expensive for people to feed their horses. Horses were the main method of transportation, so with expensive oats, the cost of travel increased. This may have been one of the factors that inspired a German man named Karl Drais to invent a way to get around without a horse: the bicycle.”

    Necessity is the Mother of Invention. It takes a volcano to invent the bicycle.

  6. David Simpson
  7. Blake

    @David Simpson. The first thing that strikes me is the claim under *factually inaccurate* which states: “and there is no data supporting the claim that, globally, the Earth was warmer during the Roman or Medieval eras.”

    For a “lack of data” see the studies in this post. Without having read them in detail it nevertheless seems to be a completely false statement by Townhall… It’s just completely misleading.

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