Of the warming trends in Poland and greater Europe, “only about 4–5% are explained by an increase in CO2 concentration.” – Marsz et al., 2022
Internal changes to the thermal structure of the ocean transmit decadal-scale changes in the atmospheric circulation and consequent surface air temperature via its modulating impact on the variation in the amount and intensity of solar radiation (sunshine duration, or SD) reaching the Earth’s surface.
This is not only observed for Poland and/or Europe as detailed in a new study, but the causal structuring of cloud cover changes driving the variations in solar radiation reaching the surface and modulating climate can be applied throughout the globe ( Wang et al., 2002, Wielicki et al., 2002, Loeb et al., 2021, Herman et al., 2013, Poprovsky, 2019, Dübal and Vahrenholt, 2021, Swift, 2018, Stephens et al., 2022).
Therefore, “the main cause of the change in the state of the climate may be the action of the internal variability of the ocean–atmosphere system” (Marsz et al., 2022).
That 4% – 5% is a guess. It therefore has no value
But that other 5% is deadly!
[…] New Study: Observational Data Affirm 95% Of Post-1970s Warming Is Not Linked To CO2 Increases — No… […]
No surprise here. Even within recorded human history global temperatures have been warmer and colder than today while CO2 levels were 40% lower than currently recorded levels. Whether it’s 2% or 4% CO2 has a very marginal climate impact. CO2 is NOT the climate control knob.
The 4-5% influence is equal to natural and anthropogenic CO2, so only anthropogenic CO2 would constitute to approximately 10x less or 0.5%.
“the main cause of the change in the state of the climate may be the action of the internal variability of the ocean–atmosphere system”
The AMO is not merely internal variability, it is warmer when the solar wind is weaker.