A new paper written by Maeng-Ki Kim, Department of Atmospheric Science, Kongju National University, and Seonae Kim of the Applied Meteorology Research Team, Environmental Prediction Research Inc. of Korea has been published by the Journal of Atmospheric Environment.The two scientists examined cities in South Korea and the urban heat island effect. Hat-tip: Dr. Ghana.
According to the abstract here (emphasis added):
The quantitative values of the urban warming effect over city stations in the Korean peninsula were estimated by using the warming mode of Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of 55 years of temperature data, from 1954 to 2008. The estimated amount of urban warming was verified by applying the multiple linear regression equation with two independent variables: the rate of population growth and the total population. […] The cities that show great warming due to urbanization are Daegu, Pohang, Seoul, and Incheon, which show values of about 1.35, 1.17, 1.16, and 1.10°C, respectively. The areas that showed urban warming less than 0.2°C are Chupungnyeong and Mokpo. On average, the total temperature increase over South Korea was about 1.37°C; the amount of increase caused by the greenhouse effect is approximately 0.60°C, and the amount caused by urban warming is approximately 0.77°C.”
According to their results, that means well over a half of the warming is caused by urban warming.
Why aren’t we surprised? Anyone who has read Ed Caryl’s very recent stories here at this blog and is familiar with Anthony Watts’s surface stations audit knows why.
And the other half was cyclical warming, not CO2.
Yes – and so that leaves very little left for CO2 forcing. Back to the drawing board for the modellers!
North Korea didn’t warm as much.
The logical conclusion is:
We all need to live like North Koreans to save the planet.
German industry complains about frequent, often very short, blackouts.
http://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/industrie/unternehmen-klagen-ueber-stromaussetzer/6002798.html
Most of the blackouts are in the milliseconds- to seconds range. Standby generators take 10 seconds to start so they don’t help against that sort of thing. Aluminum smelters (Norsk Hydro) fear damage to their equipment. (4 hours power down destroys their smelters)
The shorter blackouts (I would guess they simply throw the control electronics in assembly lines off balance which would lead to expensive downtimes until you have the entire stuff started up again – these controllers are designed to run 24/7 and usually don’t even have an exactly defined power down/power up behaviour) are not reported in official statistics even though companies are required to report them – only blackouts starting at 3min get into the statistics.
1,37 degrees warming!
and fully manmade!
thank you for confirming and informing;